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WHAT ORGANIZATION CREATES MORAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSES THAT SCIENCE MUST USE. While no single organization holds a monopoly on moral and ethical guidance for science, several organizations, including UNESCO, the World Health Organization (WHO), and discipline-specific bodies like the American Psychological Association (APA), play key roles in formulating ethical principles and guidelines. Here's a more detailed breakdown: UNESCO: UNESCO's World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology (COMEST) is an advisory body that formulates ethical principles for science and technology, providing decision-makers with criteria beyond purely economic considerations. UNESCO has also produced the first-ever global standard on AI ethics, the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. World Health Organization (WHO): The WHO provides international ethical guidelines for biomedical research. Discipline-Specific Organizations: American Psychological Association (APA): The APA has a code of ethics for psychologists, covering areas like informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding relationships that could impair professional performance. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE): ICMJE sets ethical standards for the publication of biomedical research. American Anthropological Association (AAA): The AAA has ethical guidelines for anthropologists, emphasizing the importance of protecting records, maintaining respectful relationships, and reporting research misconduct. Other Relevant Organizations: National Science Foundation (NSF): The NSF supports projects that focus on responsible and ethical research in STEM fields. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS): The NIEHS provides educational, scholarly, and administrative support for research integrity, including training in responsible conduct of research. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research: This commission published the Belmont Report, which outlines ethical principles for research involving human subjects. World Medical Association: The WMA publishes the Declaration at Helsinki, which outlines ethical principles for research involving human subjects. uscourts gov